Understanding Earthquakes: Causes, Effects, and Preparedness
Earthquakes are one of the most powerful natural forces on Earth, capable of causing widespread destruction and loss of life. These sudden movements of the Earth's crust have been responsible for some of the most catastrophic events in human history. Understanding what causes earthquakes, their effects, and how to prepare for them is crucial for minimizing their impact. *What Causes Earthquakes?* Earthquakes occur due to the movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface. The Earth's crust is divided into several large and small plates that float on the semi-fluid layer of the mantle. These plates are constantly moving, but they can become stuck at their edges due to friction. When the stress on the edge overcomes the friction, there is an earthquake that releases energy in the form of seismic waves, which causes the ground to shake. The point within the Earth where an earthquake originates is called the *focus*, while the point directly above it on the Earth'...